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The role of fructose in hepatic fat accumulation
Justrová, Marie ; Kovář, Jan (advisor) ; Malínská, Hana (referee)
One of the metabolic disorders with an increasing incidence is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is characterized by pathological accumulation of fat in the liver. According to some authors, excessive fructose consumption plays an important role in its pathogenesis. The thesis aims to interpret published findings of the relationship between fructose intake and fat deposition in the liver. In the first part the fructose metabolism is described and compared with the glucose metabolism. The other effects of fructose on fat, carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism are mentioned. This is followed by definition of the term NAFLD, description of various stages and clinical characterization of the disease. In the final part of the thesis the results of studies concerned with the role of excessive fructose consumption in NAFLD development are summarized. Excessive consumption of fructose by healthy subjects during isocaloric diet doesn't result in hepatic fat accumulation due to effective compensatory mechanisms. However, the role of fructose in hypercaloric diet in the increase of hepatic fat content hasn't been definitely explained yet. It seems that excessive caloric intake per se is more important than the effect of fructose or its metabolites. More pronounced rise in hepatic fat content...
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Effect of weight reduction on blood lipids and some other risk factors of ischemic heart disease
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Altschmiedová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the effect of weight reduction on the level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference and blood pressure. The effect of education, or changes in dietary and regime habits on weight, blood lipid levels (total cholesterol and triglycerides), waist circumference and blood pressure were monitored in a group of educated persons. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part contains information about obesity, ischemic heart disease, risk factors for these diseases, their prevention and therapy. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis is devoted to monitoring dedicated a group of patients who decided to lose weight by changing dietary and dietary habits. At baseline, patients were measured on by the Accutrend for total cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, and blood pressure. The subjects were educated about the dietary regime and subsequently followed the recommended measures. Repeated measurements of all monitored indicators were performed after three months, when the effect of weight reduction on the monitored parameters was evaluated. After three months, all subjects demonstrated on average weight loss of 11.9 kg, BMI lowered by 3.94 kg / m2, and waist circumference parameters reduced on 8.9 cm. Systolic pressure decreased by...
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Influence of Diet on Blood Lipid Levels in Dyslipidemic Patients
Dostálová, Lenka ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Šnejdrlová, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship of eating habits and dyslipidemia. Its aim is to find out whether diet influences blood lipid levels. The paper is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part handles with lipids of the human organism in general, their metabolism and the risks of atherosclerosis. The research part describes work with patients who suffer from lipid metabolism disorders. The patients had a diet consultation and, two months after, they had their blood drawn to see the results of cholesterol and triglycerides levels. The patients also filled in a questionnaire concerning their eating habits. It turned out that nutritional intervention had resulted in an average decrease in triglycerides and total as well as LDL-cholesterol levels. However, HDL-cholesterol level decreased as well. Furthermore, the questionnaire enquiry showed that dyslipidemic patients do not, in general, disobey recommendations of the dyslipidemic diet. The results of the paper showed that dyslipidemic patients follow recommendations of a healthy diet. However, there is still space for improvement. Thus, regular diet consultations are important and can help improve state of health of dyslipidemic patients. Keywords: Diet, dyslipidemia, cholesterol, triglycerides
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The verification of accredited analytical method for the determination of second-generation triglycerides using the biochemical analyzer Advia 1800
JANDOVÁ, Helena
Triglycerides belong to a large group of lipids. They are biologically very important substances for the human body. Chemically they are glycerols which are bound by ester bonds to fatty acids. Triglycerides are feeding, and that our organism has spend triglycerides must be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids, and then they are absorbed and transported to tissues. Determination of triglycerides in serum, respectively plasma, is particularly important for the prevention of atherosclerosis which is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, but also to diagnose and prevent such diseases as obesity or diabetes mellitus. To introduce method for the determination of the second-generation triglycerides via the biochemical analyzers Advia 1800 to be used in the ward of clinical biochemistry of Central Laboratories of Hospital Strakonice, a. s. there was need to carry out a verification of the method. This verification is subject ot the requiremets of ČSN EN ISO 15189 Medical laboratories Special requirements for quality and eligibility, according to which the Central Laboratory of Strakonice Hospital, a s. is accredited. It is further governed by the procedures for the validation/verfication methods, SOPO-C-06, drawn up by our laboratory. The results of the verification/validation are used for the evaluation of measurement uncertainties and to establish continuity and comparability of measurement results. On the basis of document mentioned above, the measurement of triglycerides in serum was conducted in two biochemical analyzers Advia 1800. These measurement led to the evaluation of the precision under repeatability conditions, precisions under conditions of reproductibility and accuracy. Precision under repetability condition was measured at twenty patients' samples in two concentration ranges. For evaluation of precisions under reproducibility conditions we used control materials validated in the EHK processes, exactly Liquid Assayed Multiqual 1 Lot 45651, the second check was with the help of Liquid Assayed Multiqual 2 Lot 45662 from the manufacturer BIO-RAD. These reference materials were measured every day in a singlet for twenty days. From the measured values the basic statistical parameters and analytical coefficient of variation were calculated. To evaluate the truthfulness they were also measured with the help of control materials from the manufacturer SEKK, s. r. o. Based on these measurements the basic characteristics were again calculated together with bias and total laboratory analytical error. Comparison of this error with a maximum mistake reccommended by the company SEKK, s. r. o. led to the evaluation of the method for the present purposes.
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